Thermography is produced by adding a thermographic powder to wet ink immediately it comes off the press, the sheets are passed under a heater causing the powder to melt, rise and then dry as a solid. Using a clear powder means it can create a raised text or image in any pantone colour.
Letterpress this is about the oldest method of printing there is. It involves metal block text, that is held in a frame. The block text surface is them coated in ink and that block text is then pushed onto a sheet of paper. Here highly technical modern equipment is used (about 100 years old). Operated by men with grey hair and a real passion for equipment from the industrial revolution.